The Basics of Quantum Information

Entanglement.
More Entanglement.

Magic.
More Magic.

The Pauli Matrices are: \begin{equation} \sigma_x = \begin{pmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{pmatrix} \qquad \sigma_y = \begin{pmatrix} 0 & -i \\ i & 0 \end{pmatrix} \qquad \sigma_z = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & -1 \end{pmatrix} \end{equation} If we start with a state \(\psi\) and act \( X \) on it, the following is the result: \begin{equation} X \ket{\psi} = X ( \alpha \ket{0} + \beta \ket{1} ) = \alpha \ket{1} + \beta \ket{0} = \ket{\psi'} \end{equation} So \( X \) error is a Bit flip: \( \ket{0} \leftrightarrow \ket{1} \)
If we start with a state \(\psi\) and act \(Z\) on it, the following is the result: \begin{equation} Z \ket{\psi} = Z ( \alpha \ket{0} + \beta \ket{1} ) = \alpha \ket{0} - \beta \ket{1} = \ket{\psi''} \end{equation} So \( Z \) error is a Phase flip error: \(\ket{0} \rightarrow \ket{0}, \ket{1} \rightarrow - \ket{1} \)

The Quantum Computing Stack
Quantum Hardware
Quantum Resources
Quantum Compilation
Quantum Error Correction
Quantum Algorithms.